The yes-no question marker -tu is only used at an informal level of speech in Quebec French.
C’est-tu prêt? J’ai faim!
(Est-ce que c’est prêt? J’ai faim!)
Is it ready? I’m hungry!
This yes-no question marker is always placed immediately after the verb.
Tu veux-tu qu’on en parle?
(Est-ce que tu veux qu’on en parle?)
Ya wanna talk about it?
T’aimes-tu ça, la musique québécoise?
(Est-ce que tu aimes la musique québécoise?)
You like music from Québec?
t’aimes-tu = tu aimes-tu
It may help for you to think of -tu as meaning oui ou non.
J’ai-tu vraiment besoin d’en parler?
J’ai-(oui ou non) vraiment besoin d’en parler?
Do I really need to talk about it?
C’est-tu vrai?
C’est-(oui ou non) vrai?
Is it true?
C’est-tu assez clair?!
C’est-(oui ou non) assez clair?!
Do I make myself clear?! (literally, Is it clear enough?!)
This -tu is never used to ask questions with words like pourquoi, comment, quand, qui… For example, you cannot say pourquoi tu fais-tu ça? It’s not a yes-or-no question.
Some tenses, like the passé composé, are formed with two verb forms. For example, in j’ai dit, you have two verbs: ai and dit. When there are two verbs, the -tu goes after the first one.
J’ai-tu vraiment dit ça??
Did I really say that??
Asking yes-or-no questions with -tu is always informal. Native speakers don’t expect learners of French to use it. You can use est-ce que, the inversion, or a rising voice instead:
Est-ce que tu comprends?
Comprends-tu?
Tu comprends?
Just because this -tu form exists in Quebec French, it doesn’t mean that the Québécois only ask yes-or-no questions like this. It’s just one of several ways.
I recommend avoiding this -tu form to ask yes-or-no questions until you reach a high level of fluency and have a good sense for the kinds of language situations where you’ll hear it used. It may sound quite awkward coming from a non-native speaker.
But if you’ve got some good francophone friends who you’re comfortable with, maybe you can try it out with them once in a while for fun.
